What does Haniyeh’s killing mean for Gaza ceasefire?
Getty ImagesWe’re beginning to get some idea of how Ismail Haniyeh was killed. Early indications suggest that he and his bodyguards died when a rocket hit the house where he was staying in Tehran.
All eyes will inevitably fall on Israel, which vowed to hunt down and punish all Hamas leaders following the brutal attacks of 7 October, in which around 1,200 Israelis and foreigners were killed.
Israel typically does not comment on its operations abroad, but this attack may have followed the same pattern as an Israeli operation which targeted Iranian air defences around its nuclear facility in Natanz on 19 April.
Israeli jets are believed to have fired rockets from outside Iranian airspace.
But while details of the attack slowly emerge, its political consequences are also coming into focus.
The most obvious is the likely damage to fragile efforts to negotiate a ceasefire in Gaza.
Ismail Haniyeh may not have been in charge of day-to-day events on the ground in Gaza – that is the domain of the military commander Yahya Sinwar – but as the Hamas leader in exile he was a critical interlocutor in negotiations brokered by Qatar, the US and Egypt.
American officials had recently suggested that ceasefire negotiations might soon succeed, although a meeting in Rome last weekend did not result in a breakthrough.
But it is extremely hard to see how any progress can be made in the immediate wake of the assassination of Ismail Haniyeh.
Why now?
All of which begs the question: If this was, as everyone assumes, an Israeli operation, why was it carried out?
Beyond the desire to exact revenge on anyone associated with Hamas, what was Israel hoping to achieve?
Turkey’s foreign ministry has already summed up the likely reaction of many in the region.
“It has been revealed once again that the government of [Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin] Netanyahu has no intention of achieving peace,” it said in a statement.
In Ramallah, headquarters of the Palestinian Authority, news of Haniyeh’s death has been greeted with dismay.
“It’s opening the door of hell,” Sabri Saidam, deputy secretary general of the Central Committee of the ruling party, Fatah, told the BBC.
Mr Saidam said he was feeling a mixture of shock and anger.
“Not only did I feel that Israel was targeting the life of Ismail Haniyeh,” he said, “but rather the life of any settlement in the region. Israel has killed all hopes and aspirations for an end to hostilities.”
Fatah and Hamas have long been rivals, sometimes bloody rivals. But Mr Saidam strongly rejected the suggestion that Fatah might benefit from the death of the Hamas leader.
“There’s never been in Palestinian politics a feeling that leadership by elimination is the way forward,” he said.
“If anything, it creates more resentment and more friction.”
A strike has been called in Ramallah and across the West Bank.
Shops are closed and a protest march being held which could be an awkward moment for the Palestinian Authority in Ramallah.
The most recent opinion poll showed that Ismael Haniyeh was considerably more popular than the elderly Palestinian President, Mahmud Abbas.
The timing of Haniyeh’s killing suggests this was a wider part of Israel’s threatened retaliation for the Hezbollah rocket attack that killed 12 Druze children and young people in the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights on Saturday – retaliation that included the killing of a senior Hezbollah commander in Beirut on Tuesday.
Israel had warned that its response would be harsh.
Israeli officials regularly point out that Iran is the nexus for the so-called “arc of resistance” in the Middle East, which includes Hezbollah in Lebanon, Hamas in Gaza and the West Bank, and the Houthis in Yemen.
After dealing a blow to Hezbollah in Beirut (and recently to the Houthis in Hodeidah), killing the Hamas leader in Iran sends an emphatic, chilling message, to the militant groups and their Iranian backers: Israel can and will come after you, wherever you are.
